Training a Dog to Take Food Rewards Gently

Train your dog to sit and receive treats for good performance calmly.

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Dog trainers have probably come close to losing fingers more than once during their experiences teaching dogs how to obey commands. Food rewards are commonly used to reinforce the behavior an owner or trainer wants his dog to display. While they're an effective reward for reinforcing desirable behavior, some dogs may be so excited to receive them that the trainer may need to practice an additional training command of receiving the treat gently with the overzealous dog.

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Dogs have a pack mentality. They are by nature social creatures and in the wild among each other, they look for a leader whose authority and commands they fall under. Obedience training teaches dogs that their owners are the leader of their pack. Gentle, consistent and firm training teaches your dog to obey you as the leader of its pack. Being a responsible pet owner includes teaching your dog how to obey basic commands, including “sit,” “stand,” “stay” and “come.” You can also train your dog to help with useful tasks, such as fetching your morning paper, or important responsibilities, such as being gentle around children, not barking and not being aggressive around other dogs. You can learn how to train a dog yourself or you can take your dog to obedience classes and reinforce what it learns there at home with a treat-reward system.

Treats

Treats are helpful for reinforcing positive, obedient and desirable behavior. Experiment with different small treats until you find a few that your dog can’t resist. Avoid hard treats that must be chewed, can break into pieces and fall on the floor. Reward desired behavior immediately after the dog performs it. Accompany the treat with verbal praise, such as “Good dog,” and a gentle pat on the head. Give your dog a treat every time it performs the desired behavior when it's first learning it. Over time, slowly decrease the frequency of the treats for the behavior, but continue to offer verbal praise.

Nipping Technique

There are two general methods that you can use to train your dog to receive a treat gently from your hand. The first is the nipping technique. Place a small treat in your hand while keeping your fingers on one end of the treat. Move the treat in front of the dog’s mouth, but don't let go of it or let it have the treat until it stops biting your hand or nipping at you to get it. If your dogs paws at you, barks or displays anything other than calm, quiet behavior, don't release the treat. Wear gloves if necessary to protect your hand. Work with your dog until it learns that it will only receive a treat once it gently, quietly receives it from your hand without biting or aggression. When your dog disobeys, say “No, No” or “Ahh, Ahh.” When it does obey, praise it with words such as “Yes” or “Good job” and reward it with the treat.

Eye Level Technique

A second method of training the dog to receive treats gently is by holding the treat level with your eyes. Command the dog to sit. Slowly bring your hand down to the dog’s mouth. Pull the treat quickly back up to your eyes if the dog barks, bites or gets up from a seated position. Accompany the movement with a firm “No, No” or “Ahh, Ahh” when the dog displays inappropriate behavior. Train the dog to wait until the treat is in front of its mouth to gently take it from you. When it does, praise it with a “Yes” or “Good” and reward it with the treat.

ResourcesAmerican Kennel Club: Be a Responsible Dog OwnerHumane Society: Dogs - Positive Reinforcement TrainingPhoto Credit Duncan Smith/Photodisc/Getty ImagesRead Next:

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How to Build a Door With Concealed Hinges

Many doors in a home install using standard hinges. These hinges show on the outside of the door where the door meets the wall. If you prefer a clean look to the door, concealed hinges offer a hidden alternative to standard hinges. These hinges insta...

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Animation Lighting

Advanced animators often consider lighting even during character design.

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Successful lighting for animation relies on a combination of thoughtful character design and carefully orchestrated lighting. Animators should design their characters with potential lighting schemes in mind, then stage and light their scenes for the clearest silhouette, and in a way appropriate to the content of the story as it unfolds.

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and character design are inextricably intertwined. In live action projects, the major factor that determines the shape of a character silhouette is the actor playing that character -- and to a lesser extent the costuming. In animation, you must take care to design a character that will read clearly in profile. As you make work on your character designs, periodically trace outlines of each and fill them in with black to see how your choices have affected their silhouettes. A character should be readily identifiable by a monochrome silhouette alone. If not, go back to the drawing board and rework your model sheet. Likewise, the silhouette of each character in a production should be distinct and different enough from the others that an audience member would be able to distinguish them from each other in a silhouette lineup.

Basic Lighting

Acclaimed cinematographer and USC professor Woody Omens recommends that his students "light from the bottom." In other words, begin with no light, and add lights thoughtfully and with intention until your scene has been adequately illuminated. The opposite approach involves setting up a bright key light, or main light source, and a fill light, or secondary light source, and then adding flags and bounces to adjust the results. Lighting "from the top" has a long tradition in cinema history, but thoughtless reliance on the method can potentially weaken a scene. Though bounces and flags do not exist in a 2-D animator's vocabulary, lighting from the top has been overused by classical animators as well.

One Object, One Shadow

In the real world, many sources of light fall upon any single object simultaneously, making a overlapping array of shadows. But in the artificial worlds of cinema and animation -- at least in most cases -- a character should have a single shadow. When using 3-D models for 2-D, characters pick out the most prominent shadow in a scene and do not attempt to recreate the rest.

Light and Emotion

Anyone who has seen a noir film from the 1940s or 1950s can attest to the potential power of truly emotional lighting. Imagine if "The Maltese Falcon" or Roman Polanski's neo-noir "Chinatown" took place in rooms as bright and sterile as a hospital room, instead of the dimly lit locales film fanatics have come to know and love. Low-key lighting can signal moodiness, mystery, sadness or suspense. Flat, even lighting feels neutral. High-key lighting can signal happiness, confidence or clarity. Take time with your choices and try to light for the highest emotional impact for the scene in question.

ReferencesJohn K Stuff: Animation School Lesson 7: Combining Construction With Clear SilhouettesPhoto Credit Jupiterimages/Creatas/Getty ImagesRead Next:

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How to Know if I Have a Bootleg Anime DVD

Anime is a medium for sci-fi and fantasy series.

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Japanese animation, commonly known by fans as anime, has perhaps become more recognized by filmgoers over recent years. English-dubbed anime programs such as “BeyBlade: Metal Fusion,” “Dragon Ball Z- Kai” and “Bakugan” are aired alongside Western animation on local and cable TV. As with any medium, anime DVDs and Blu-ray Discs are at risk for piracy. A keen eye can differentiate an authentic anime DVD from a bootlegged copy.

Related Searches:Difficulty:Moderately EasyInstructions 1

Examine the cover carefully for signs of piracy. Bootlegged anime DVDs often try to mimic the cover designs of their legitimate counterpart but can show signs of piracy. Pixelated, grainy or blurred images are often the result of bootleggers photocopying original artwork. You may have a bootlegged DVD if the cover features characters from other anime DVDs on it. Many legitimate companies use a hologram or some other premium printing service that's not easily replicated by bootleggers, indicating your copy is probably legitimate. Finally, examine the cover for foreign languages other than the country of origin of your anime. A DVD for an anime that originated from Japan but has Chinese or Arabic text on the cover may be a bootleg.

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Identify the store or website that you purchased the DVD from. Fans of anime will sometimes create English subtitles in a process called fansubbing. Because fansubbers copy legitimate DVDs, all fansubs can be considered bootlegged copies and are not sold at retail. If you purchased the DVD from a website or specialty store that advertises selling fansubs, it's likely that your DVD is a bootleg.

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Check for a region code on the DVD cover. Many DVDs are coded by the region that they are released in to prevent piracy and identify PAL and NTSC discs. Pirated DVDs will often remove the region coding and market the DVD as “Region Free." Region 1 is the region associated with DVDs released to the North American market. While legitimate region-free DVDs do exist, the lack of a region code is often a sign of a pirated DVD.

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Check the film for production titles at the start of playback. All anime DVDs will feature title credits for the production companies involved in their creation in addition to an FBI warning found on all domestically-released DVDs. DVDs that lack the production company sequences or the FBI warning are likely bootlegged DVDs.

ReferencesMotion Picture Association of America: Types Of Content TheftPhoto Credit Junko Kimura/Getty Images News/Getty ImagesRead Next:

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Calais Daybed Installation

The metal-framed Calais daybed can bring an air of comfort and luxury to any bedroom or spare room. Easily functioning as both a seating piece and a bed, the Calais daybed offers long-term reliability and a classic style that will still fit in modern...

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A Guide to Kino Pets in MapleStory

Print this articleKinos are one type of pet you can purchase from the MapleStory cash shop, for actual money. These are one of the pets that are styled after monsters in the game. Whether you purchase a tempoary Kino, whose magic expires after ninety days, or a permanent Kino that always stays on your account. Like any pet, you can increase closeness and level or customize your Kino.

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The Kino is a pet that is styled after the orange mushroom monster. The Kino is much smaller and cuter, however. In fact, the Kino is one of the smaller pets that you can purchase for your MapleStory character. Kinos have an expressive mouth that reflects Asian artistic styles such as anime. The Kino can transform into a zombie mushroom and, when angry, a horned mushroom.

Commands

Like other pets on MapleStory, Kinos respond to commands. At Level 1, your Kino can respond to the following commands: "poop," "sleep," "sit" and "no." At Level 10, your pet will respond to new commands such as "iloveyou," say, "talk," "chat" and "bad." When your pet responds to the command, it will show an animation that correspond to the command, such as sitting. However, your pet may not feel like completing the command and may argue with you instead. The "chat" command allows you to make it seem as though your Kino is saying unique text.

Leveling

As you interact with your pet, it will level up. Leveling shows an animation and you can view information about your pet's level when you view your character information. Feeding your Kino pet food contributes to leveling as does using commands with your Kino. Note that you can use the same command up to three times in a row before the system encourages you to use a different command. When your pet becomes higher level, it travels closer to you.

Usable Items

You can purchase a green hat for your Kino from the MapleStory cash shop. The temporary item expires after 90 days and is currently available for 1,900 NX while the permanent version is 3,8000 NX. You can charge NX to your account by purchasing it from the MapleStory website. The Kino is also compatible with general cash shop items such as the Meso Magnet, which allows it to automatically pick up mesos that monsters drop. If you purchase the Pet Name Tag, you can rename your Kino. The cash shop also sells a Sprout, especially for that Kino, that increases closeness with your pet by 100.

ReferencesStrategy Wiki: MapleStory/PetsMapleStory: Pet EquipmentRead Next:

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How to Set Up Split DNS

Most homes or offices with an Intranet or internal browser network use the same Domain Name Service to resolve a single hostname (the dotcom name) on the network for internal machines and computers that access the network from the outside world. Usin...

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